Eco-friendly innovation: green energy empowered by IoT

Abstract

Energy demand is high globally, impacting daily life and promoting sustainable modernization. Goal 9 aims to build an elastic framework for economies, while Goal 15 of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) emphasizes the preservation of terrestrial environment, sustainable woodland management, and biodiversity conservation. The International Energy Agency predicts a significant increase in global renewable capacity, with solar PV being two-third of this growth. Green technology is crucial to combat global warming and Industry 4.0, a digital transformation that aims to create a strong framework for sustainable modernization. The growth of the smart grid is vital, involving energy sources, control techniques, computation, generation, transmission, distribution, and more. Supercapacitors store and deliver energy at high capacity, while green energy transforms fossil fuels into eco-friendly sources using natural resources like hydro, solar, wind, thermal, and biomass. This study explores the efficient use of microprocessors in solar and wind energy, as well as the application of actuators in the green energy sector. Green energy is a sustainable solution to increasing energy needs, reducing dependence on fossil fuels. IoT technologies, including sensors, actuators, microprocessors, and microcontrollers, are used in energy generation, transmission, distribution, and composition.